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Gasification Based Waste Tire Integrated Energy Conversion Systems

In 2017, the United States generated approximately 4 million tons of waste tires, and 18% of these tires were disposed of in landfills. This resulted in 60 million accumulated tire stockpiles in the United States [2]. The rubber component in tires is water and abrasion resistant and takes more than 100 years to be destroyed, this leads to heavy pollution of the environment. To reduce land-disposed pollution of tires, gasification technology has been proposed to convert tires for syngas production.

Studies show that thermal conversions of tires are affordable and reduce environmental impact [2]. Waste tires would be an ideal calorific fuel biomass material because waste tires have an organic matter composition of more than 90% [3]. The hydrogen production to feedstock ratio was found to be 0.154 for tires, which was also competitive to one of the higher quality coals available for fuel usage which has a ratio of 0.158, making tires a good source to produce hydrogen [2]. Previous research on gasification and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) integration systems have shown success in the technology to produce electricity. The proposed system will employ syngas produced from tire gasification in a SOFC.

The objective of this project is to determine the thermodynamic and economic performance of gasification-based waste tire integrated energy conversion systems. The thermodynamic performance will be evaluated based on the system efficiencies and a parametric study will determine optimal operating conditions.

The economic performance of the system will be analyzed in terms of the Net Present Value (NPV) method. The investment profitability will be determined based on the front cost of the system, economic life, maintenance cost, and unit price for each stream. A one-dimensional kinematics model has been developed to stimulate the tire gasification process and MATLAB will be used to model the SOFC.

References

[1] Ud Din, Zia, and Z.A. Zainal. “Biomass Integrated Gasification–SOFC Systems: Technology Overview.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 53, 2016, pp. 1356–1376., doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.013.

[2] Wang, Ting. “An Overview of IGCC Systems.” Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies, 2017, pp. 1–80., doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100167-7.00001-9.

[3] Hasan, Ahmed, and Ibrahim Dincer. “Assessment of an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Using Waste Tires for Hydrogen and Fresh Water Production.” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 44, no. 36, 2019, pp. 19730–19741., doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.075.

[4] Zang, Guiyan, et al. “Modeling and Economic Analysis of Waste Tire Gasification in Fluidized and Fixed Bed Gasifiers.” Waste Management, vol. 89, 2019, pp. 201–211., doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.070.

[5] Abdul-Raouf, Manar E., et al. “Thermochemical Recycling of Mixture of Scrap Tyres and Waste Lubricating Oil into High Caloric Value Products.” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 51, no. 6, 2010, pp. 1304–1310., doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2010.01.007.

[6] Malinauskaite, J., et al. “Municipal Solid Waste Management and Waste-to-Energy in the Context of a Circular Economy and Energy Recycling in Europe.” Energy, vol. 141, 2017, pp. 2013–2044., doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.128.

[7] Websitename. U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association, www.ustires.org/.